There are more books and other written works today than there have ever been before. Tomorrow will be a record-setting day, just as will be each day afterward. It’s impossible to read everything ever written, but the number of words we’re expected to take in keep going up just the same. That means that speed reading is a pretty good tool to have in your personal arsenal.

Speed reading isn’t just a matter of cranking up the speed at which your eyes cross a page, though: there are multiple methods for increasing your reading speed. It’s also worth considering that different approaches to reading have both benefits and drawbacks. In general, the methods that allow a person to read faster don’t always provide for the same level of comprehension that slower reading allows.
Barriers to Speed Reading

There are speed reading systems out there that claim they can get you up to reading 20,000 words per minute (about 300 words per minute is typical of a college reader without any speed reading training). At best, that 20,000 words per minute claim allows only for skimming. It’s likely to provide minimal comprehension — rarely useful. More realistic speeds range from 600 to 2,000 words per minute: at those rates a reader can usually comprehend the words on the page.

No matter what approach a particular speed reading system takes, most start with eliminating bad reading practices and then accelerating reading speed through a series of exercises. Bad reading habits can include:

* Sounding out word out loud as one reads — or subvocalizing
* Re-scanning over passages already read
* Moving one’s eyes across the page as one reads
* Using one reading speed for all reading material

Subvocalization is often considered the biggest barrier to speed reading. Because of the way that reading is taught in most schools — students learn to sound out letters rather than recognize whole words — most readers automatically sound out words, especially those that aren’t in their normal reading vocabulary. Subvocalization, no matter its value for initially learning to read, slows down most readers. That’s because saying a word, whether aloud or subvocally, takes more time than recognizing a word.
Learning to Speed Read

There are thousands of speed reading books, systems and software packages. For the most part, those systems are equally effective. It’s also possible to train yourself in speed reading using resources that you can find online. No matter how you approach learning to speed read, you’ll find that you need to complete (and often repeat) a series of exercises. Most systems rely on a simple set of exercises, repeated at increasing speeds to train your eyes and mind to take in and interpret information faster.

A few free speed reading resources include:

* Wikibooks’ Speed reading textbook
* How do you become a better reader? (includes several guides)
* The SQ3R Reading Method

There are also thousands of books available on the topic of speed reading. I wouldn’t necessarily recommend going out and purchasing any speed reading book that’s on the shelf at your local bookstore. Most libraries carry at least one or two different speed reading books, giving you a chance to take a look at individual approaches and try out exercises before committing yourself.
Speed Reading Software

There are numerous commercial speed reading programs that promise to get your abilities up to a faster level. Prices for such software can vary dramatically: You might find a software package that could do the trick for under $20, but there are just as many packages priced over $200.

There are several common approaches used in commercial software packages. The pioneer of speeding reading software, Vortex Speed Reading, placed words in front of a reader one at a time — the method forces readers to focus on just one spot on a page, rather than moving their eyes to read. Some of the speed reading packages currently available follow Vortex’ model.

Others present words in a serial stream. Still other software options guide readers through lines of text at certain speeds, often highlighting certain words in order to train readers to direct their attention to the center of the page.

These software options can provide you a starting point for study, if you’re interested in taking that route:

SpeedRead.org
RocketReader
The Literacy Company
eyeQ
Speed Reading on the Computer

In many cases, the speed at which you read the page of a book will be identical to that at which you read words on a computer screen. However, some readers report being unable to increase their on-screen reading speed beyond 1,000 words — no matter how fast they read pages. The problem seems to be connected to the refresh rates of CRT screens: as a speed reader progresses through the page, ghost images can appear as a result of screen refreshes. It’s a sort of disconnect between the eye and the brain that causes quickly refreshed images to superimpose ghosts. Readers using LCD screens don’t have the problem.

Some readers also find that larger computer monitors impede their speed reading; most speed reading systems recommend that readers rely on peripheral vision to read, rather than running their eyes across a page. With large computer monitors, taking in text at the edges of the screen can prove difficult. A simple fix is reducing the size of the window in which you are reading.

現(xiàn)在這個(gè)時(shí)代，書(shū)籍和其他書(shū)面作品的數(shù)量要比以往任何時(shí)候都多。明天又將是創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的一天，就像以后每天一樣。想要閱讀所有的書(shū)面材料幾乎是不可能的，但與此同時(shí)我們期望要攝入的文字?jǐn)?shù)量卻持續(xù)地增長(zhǎng)著。這就意味著快讀閱讀將是一件很好的工具，我們可以以此來(lái)武裝自己的頭腦。

快速閱讀并非等同于簡(jiǎn)單的加快你眼睛掃視頁(yè)面的速度，盡管會(huì)有很多種方法讓你這樣做。同時(shí)我們也應(yīng)該看到，不同的閱讀方式都有各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)�？偠�言之，使人們快速閱讀的方法并不總能保證同等程度地理解原文意思，而慢讀倒是可以。
快速閱讀的障礙

現(xiàn)在有些快速閱讀方法宣稱能夠使您達(dá)到2萬(wàn)字每分鐘的閱讀速度（約300字每分鐘就可達(dá)到典型大學(xué)生的讀速了，而他們沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)任何速讀訓(xùn)練）。此2萬(wàn)字每分鐘的說(shuō)法充其量也只夠進(jìn)行略讀。這種做法可能很少能做到理解原文－因?yàn)楹茈y奏效。還有很多較實(shí)際的速度，即每分鐘從600字到2000字：以這樣的速度一個(gè)讀者是可以做到理解書(shū)面文章的。

無(wú)論一個(gè)具體的速讀體系采取哪種方式，大部分體系都是先從改掉壞的閱讀習(xí)慣進(jìn)而通過(guò)一系列練習(xí)以加快閱讀速度開(kāi)始的。壞的閱讀習(xí)慣包括：

# 閱讀時(shí)出聲－或默讀
# 回視已讀段落
# 閱讀時(shí)眼睛來(lái)回掃視
# 以同樣的速度閱讀所有的材料

默讀被視為速讀的最大障礙。正因?yàn)閹缀跛�有的學(xué)校都教習(xí)閱讀－學(xué)生們學(xué)會(huì)了讀出聲來(lái)而不是辨認(rèn)字形－所以大多數(shù)讀者在閱讀時(shí)都很自然地出聲了，尤其對(duì)于那些不夠基本閱讀詞匯的讀者們。默讀，先不論它在最初學(xué)習(xí)閱讀時(shí)的價(jià)值如何，卻降低了大多數(shù)讀者的閱讀速度。這是因?yàn)橐�把一個(gè)字讀出來(lái)，不管是出聲的還是默念的，都要比辨認(rèn)這個(gè)字多花一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。
學(xué)習(xí)速讀

現(xiàn)在社會(huì)上有數(shù)以千計(jì)的速讀教材、體系以及軟件。大體上這些速讀體系都可以同樣見(jiàn)效。與此同時(shí)，如果您在網(wǎng)上尋找素材來(lái)對(duì)自己進(jìn)行速讀訓(xùn)練也是可行的。不管您如何進(jìn)行速讀學(xué)習(xí)，您會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)您需要完整地（同時(shí)也會(huì)重復(fù)地）進(jìn)行一系列練習(xí)。大多數(shù)方法依靠一套簡(jiǎn)要的練習(xí)設(shè)置來(lái)進(jìn)行，即反復(fù)訓(xùn)練眼睛以及大腦攝入和轉(zhuǎn)換信息的能力，以提高閱讀速度。

一些可用于速讀的材料包括：

# Wikibooks’速讀教材
# 怎樣使您成為一個(gè)速讀者？（包括一些指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)）
# SQ3R閱讀方法

現(xiàn)在也有數(shù)以千計(jì)的關(guān)于速讀題材的書(shū)籍有售，但我卻不建議您到當(dāng)?shù)貢?shū)店里去購(gòu)買(mǎi)任何關(guān)于速讀方面的書(shū)籍，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)圖書(shū)館會(huì)存有至少一套或兩套不同的速讀書(shū)籍，使您有機(jī)會(huì)事先在這方面做一些自我方案以及進(jìn)行練習(xí)。
速讀軟件

現(xiàn)在有很多商業(yè)速讀軟件，它們承諾會(huì)讓您的閱讀速度提高到一個(gè)很高的層次。這些軟件的價(jià)格差異很明顯：您可以發(fā)現(xiàn)有些合格的軟件價(jià)碼竟低于20美元，而另外很多卻是高于200美元。

這些商業(yè)軟件使用幾種普通的速讀方法。作為速讀軟件的先驅(qū)，Vortex速讀軟件在操作的時(shí)候通常一次只給讀者顯示一些單詞－這種方法促使讀者把注意力集中在書(shū)頁(yè)的一個(gè)點(diǎn)上，而不是來(lái)回移動(dòng)他們的眼睛進(jìn)行閱讀�，F(xiàn)有的一些速讀軟件正遵循了Vortex的這種模式。

其他軟件的做法就是顯示一連串一連串的文字。另外也有一些軟件操作會(huì)指導(dǎo)讀者以特定的速度閱讀每行文字，而且經(jīng)常突出某些單詞以訓(xùn)練讀者把注意力集中在書(shū)頁(yè)中央的能力。

這些軟件操作能夠讓您起步學(xué)習(xí)，而您需要有這個(gè)興趣按照它們的步驟進(jìn)行下去。

SpeedRead.org
RocketReader
The Literacy Company
eyeQ
電腦速讀

在很多情況下，您閱讀一本書(shū)的速度，與您在電腦上進(jìn)行閱讀是相同的，但是一些讀者卻反映他們進(jìn)行屏幕閱讀時(shí)的速度達(dá)不到每分鐘1000字－無(wú)論他們?nèi)绾渭涌扉喿x速度。這個(gè)問(wèn)題似乎與CRT屏幕的刷新頻率有關(guān)。當(dāng)一個(gè)讀者進(jìn)行閱讀的時(shí)候，電腦屏幕的重影會(huì)隨著屏幕的刷新而顯現(xiàn)。這是一種造成眼睛與大腦之間信息中斷的現(xiàn)象，它能夠使得電腦快速刷新的圖像疊加成重復(fù)的影像，而使用LCD顯示器的讀者則不會(huì)有這樣的問(wèn)題。

也有一些讀者發(fā)現(xiàn)大尺寸電腦顯示器會(huì)妨礙他們進(jìn)行速讀，而大多數(shù)速讀體系則建議這些讀者利用眼睛的余光來(lái)閱讀，而不是眼睛在書(shū)頁(yè)上掃來(lái)掃去地讀。然而對(duì)于大尺寸電腦屏幕來(lái)說(shuō)，要看到屏幕邊緣的內(nèi)容卻是困難的。不過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單調(diào)試一下能夠減小您進(jìn)行速讀的視窗尺寸。